The Dooms that came before
Before the MCU, the villain went through three Fantastic Four movies made by Fox. In Fantastic Four (2005), Julian McMahon plays Victor von Doom as a wealthy businessman who funds Reed Richards's space mission. Hit by the same cosmic storm that gives the heroes their powers, he starts turning to metal and controlling electricity, blames Reed for his losses, and goes after revenge. He ends up frozen and shipped off to Latveria.
In Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer (2007), McMahon returns. Doom offers to help the military capture the Surfer, steals his board and the power it carries, and is defeated by Johnny Storm in Shanghai.
In the Fantastic Four reboot (2015), Toby Kebbell plays a very different Victor: a young Baxter Foundation scientist who is left behind on Planet Zero, comes back fused to his own suit, kills scientists and soldiers, and tries to destroy Earth. He ends up disintegrated in a portal's beam. All three films are outside MCU continuity.